Richmond Newspapers v. Virginia (1980)

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Facts of Case:

The Richmond Newspapers (Appellant), wanted to have a judicial order of a criminal trial to all of the press and the public (Virginia) overturned and said it would be a violation of the First Amendment. The First Amendment guarantees both the public and the press the right to attend criminal trials, but this right is not set in stone and may be overturned by a judge that finds an overriding interest that cannot be accomodated. 

It all started when a criminal named Stevenson was on trial and the trial was moved to have the proceeding closed to the public. The judge of the case acting based on a state statute authorized the court in his own discretion to exclude from the trial any person whose presence would influence the conduct of a fair trial, ordered the courtroom to be kept clear of all parties except the witnesses who would be testifying. Stevenson argued that he did not want any information leaked out and be published by the media and that could maybe be seen by the jurors of his case.

Legal Issue: It is whether an order excluding public and press from a criminal trial has violated their rights protected by the First Amendment.

Decision:

The decision from earlier was reversed because the right of the public and the press to attend criminal trials is guaranteed under the First Amendment of the Constituition.

Analysis: In this case the judge failed to show overriding interest for excluding the public and press making the the ruling to close the courtroom reversed. Even with all the risk of having the media getting ahold of this news and everything about the case, it is still infringing on our right under the First Amendment and the judge could not show enough to shut out the public and press in this situation. Another fact is that the right is not absolute, so that is why they tried to shut out the press, but the court didn’t see it that way after the judge didn’t show enough overriding interest.

Questions:

1. Do you agree with the media being able to be in the courtroom and not be excluded?

2. What is the significance of this case to journalists?

3. How does this case compare to